Detailed 3D heat transfer modeling
Czochralski crystal growth furnaces are usually designed to provide nearly axisymmetric temperature distribution in the crystallization zone. However, real 3D designs of the heaters and rods supplying electric current create noticeably nonuniform heat release and temperature distribution in both the heaters and surrounded blocks, as demonstrated below. However, reasonable adjustments of the crystal and crucible rotation rates in most cases can compensate these nonuniformities and provide practically axisymmetric temperature distribution in the melt and in the crystal (below right).
Right: Modeling of heat transfer in Cz Si growth, furnace design based on J. of Crystal Growth 229 (2001) p.17


Detailed 3D distribution of heat release in the heaters

3D temperature distribution in the side and bottom heaters

3D temperature distribution in the crystallization zone